Ketika membaca al-Quran, seorang Muslim perlu memperhatikan adab berikut untuk mendapatkan kesempurnaan pahala dalam membacanya. Membaca Qur’an seharusnya sudah menjadi agenda harian kita. Dengan rutin membaca , maka kita akan dimudahkan melangkah ke tahap selanjutnya yaitu , berusaha mengerti dan memahami makna dari yang rutin kita baca tersebut.
Kita usahakan program rutin membaca Alquran menjadi bagian dari kebutuhan hidup kita, sebagaimana makan dan minum. Agar Al-Qur’an memberi bekas ke dalam hati, ada adab-adab yang perlu Anda perhatikan saat membacanya.
Berikut adalah adab membaca al-Quran dari kitab At-Tibyan fi Adab Hamalat al-Quran oleh al-Imam an-Nawawi yang saya dapat senaraikan kepada 22 perkara, iaitu:
- Berniat ikhlas kerana Allah SWT.
- Menggosok gigi atau bersiwak sebelum membaca al-Quran.
- Membaca dalam keadaan berwuduk.
- Mengadap ke arah kiblat.
- Memulakan dengan at-Ta’awwuz.
- Membaca al-Quran dari Mushaf lebih utama dari membaca tanpa melihat. Walaupun begitu bagi yang ingin menghafaznya, diharuskan membaca dari hafazan tanpa melihat.
- Membaca dengan suara yang merdu dan kuat agar dapat dihayati oleh diri sendiri dan orang lain. Al-Imam al-Ghazali ada menyatakan, jika kita bimbang akan timbul riak iaitu ingin menunjuk-nunjuk, maka membaca secara perlahan itu lebih utama. Sebaliknya jika dapat menjaga daripada timbulnya penyakit berkenaan, maka digalakkan membaca dengan suara yang nyaring – Ihya’ Ulumiddin.
- Membaca dengan perhatian dan memahami ayat-ayat yang dibacakan.
- Membaca dengan tadabbur dan menangis. Antara adab-adab tadabbur itu ialah memperlahankan suara apabila sampai pada ayat yang menyentuh mengenai sifat Allah SWT menurut tafsiran orang kafir. Sebagai contoh orang Yahudi mengatakan Nabi Uzair anak Allah SWT seperti yang disebutkan Allah dalam surah at-Taubah ayat 30. Contoh yang lain ialah persepsi mereka bahawa Allah SWT tidak berkuasa mengurniakan rezeki kepada hamba-Nya seperti yang difirmankan dalam ayat 64 surah al-Maidah.
- Memuliakan al-Quran. Kita dilarang membaca al-Quran sambil ketawa ataupun sambil berbual melainkan mengenai sesuatu yang amat penting.
- Membaca ayat dan surah mengikut susunannya dalam tertib al-Quran, yang dulu didahulukan dan kemudian dikemudiankan.
- Beramal dengan ajaran al-Quran itu.
- Sentiasa membaca al-Quran terutama pada waktu pagi kerana Nabi SAW mendoakan keberkatan waktu itu. Diriwayatkan dalam al-Mustadrak oleh al-Hakim dari Abu Hurairah RA bahawa Nabi SAW bersabda yang bermaksud: “Sesiapa yang membaca 10 ayat, maka dia tidak akan tergolong dari kalangan orang yang lalai.” (2085, hadis sahih mengikut syarat Muslim)
- Berusaha menghafaz ayat al-Quran dan mengulang-ulang ayat itu supaya sentiasa mengingatinya.
- Meletakkan sasaran untuk mengkhatamkan al-Quran itu.
- Memanjatkan doa sebaik tamat membaca al-Quran kerana waktu itu adalah antara waktu mustajab doa.
- Dilarang membaca al-Quran di tempat yang tidak sewajarnya seperti di dalam tandas.
- Mengucup al-Quran kerana dikiaskan dengan mengucup Hajar al-Aswad kerana ia juga hadiah kepada Allah SWT.
- Mewangikan al-Quran sebagaimana meletakkan wangian pada Hajar al-Aswad.
- Meletakkan al-Quran di tempat yang tinggi.
- Berusaha untuk menghayati isi kandungan al-Quran hingga membawa ke peringkat menangis atau menitiskan air mata.
- Tidak memberi salam kepada seseorang yang sedang membaca al-Quran.
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